LOW-GRADE THALAMIC GLIOMA: DIAGNOSIS AND FOLLOW-UP USING MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING. A CASE REPORT
Keywords:
Thalamic glioma; astrocytoma; magnetic resonance imaging; midline tumors; radiological follow-upAbstract
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/yc.v10i18.0800
Abstract
We present the case of a 29-year-old female patient with persistent headache, vertigo, epistaxis, and memory impairment, in whom imaging studies revealed a left thalamic space-occupying lesion consistent with a low-grade glioma. Gliomas are the most common primary neoplasms of the central nervous system and originate from glial cells; their behavior is infiltrative, and their evolution depends on both histological characteristics and molecular profiles. Thalamic tumors represent only 1–5% of brain tumors and usually originate from astrocytic sources, posing a challenge due to their deep location and limited surgical access. The initial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a thalamic lesion with mild contrast enhancement and mass effect on perimesencephalic structures, in addition to an associated infratentorial cyst. Serial MRI follow-up showed initial stability, followed by progressive changes in size and morphology, with the appearance of calcified foci, internal cystic areas, and increased involvement of subthalamic and pineal structures. This case underscores the importance of MRI for both the diagnosis and evaluation of thalamic gliomas. Clinical, radiological, and histopathological integration is essential in the management of these tumors, whose progression is usually slow but clinically significant.
Keywords: Thalamic glioma; astrocytoma; magnetic resonance imaging; midline tumors; radiological follow-up.
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