ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH PRODUCTIVITY IN THE MEXICAN FORMAL EDUCATION SECTOR
Keywords:
artificial intelligence; labor productivity; capital productivity; education sectorAbstract
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/yc.v10i19.0970
Abstract
Research on artificial intelligence (AI) and productivity comes almost entirely from advanced economies and explicitly excludes the education sector, which is treated as a technology user rather than as a productive activity. This study examines the relationship between AI adoption and two productivity indicators: labor productivity and capital productivity. To this end, the branches of the formal education sector from the 2024 Economic Censuses are used. Data are aggregated by state, and simple and first-order partial correlations are estimated, with the latter controlling for average establishment size; in addition, equality across branches is tested. The results indicate that adoption is negatively associated with capital productivity in both branches under study, with no difference between them, whereas it is positively associated with labor productivity only in higher education, since in basic education the association disappears once size is controlled. Thus, the results show that the relationship between AI and productivity is not uniform across factors, which contrasts with the previous literature centered on aggregate indicators.
Keywords: artificial intelligence; labor productivity; capital productivity; education sector.
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