CLASSICAL MICROBIOLOGICAL STUDY OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS
Keywords:
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Microbiology, Clinical laboratoryAbstract
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/yc.v9i17.0710
Abstract
Tuberculosis, commonly abbreviated as TB, is considered one of the infectious diseases with the highest number of reported cases worldwide, especially in low-income countries. Despite having a treatment that has proven effective on many occasions, controlling the disease presents great difficulties. This is due both to the inherent characteristics of the bacterium responsible and to the complex mechanisms by which the disease is transmitted from one person to another. The main objective of microbiological diagnosis is to identify the underlying cause of the disease and to provide accurate confirmation of its presence. This approach is based on the use of microscopy incorporating stains specifically designed to highlight different characteristics, as well as the culture of mycobacteria, with particular emphasis on the importance of using liquid media for this process. In addition, gene amplification is used in cases where the level of suspicion is considered moderate or high, allowing for more accurate identification of the pathogens. The management of cases that are resistant to treatment is an extremely complicated and challenging process, as there are a limited number of alternative drugs that can be used. For this reason, it is essential to carry out a systematic antibiogram for all patients who test positive in the tests performed.
Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Microbiology, Clinical laboratory.
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