CHORIOAMNIONITIS AND PERITONEAL TUBERCULOSIS IN PREGNANCY: AN UNEXPECTED DIAGNOSIS AND ADVERSE OBSTETRIC OUTCOME—A CASE REPORT

Autores/as

  • Martinez-Soto Jessenia Elizabeth Physician, University of Cuenca. Cuenca, Ecuador.
  • Salinas-Rocano Diana Jacqueline Physician, University of Cuenca. Cuenca, Ecuador.
  • Poma-Ramon Luis Alejandro Physician, University of Cuenca. Cuenca, Ecuador.

Palabras clave:

corioamnionitis; infección intraamniótica; tuberculosis peritoneal; embarazo; rotura prematura pretérmino de membranas; Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Resumen

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/yc.v10i19.0958

Resumen

Antecedentes: La infección intraamniótica es una causa importante de morbilidad materna y desenlaces perinatales adversos. La tuberculosis durante el embarazo, en particular sus formas extrapulmonares, puede manifestarse con síntomas inespecíficos y retrasar el diagnóstico. La coexistencia de infección intraamniótica y tuberculosis peritoneal es excepcional y plantea un reto diagnóstico cuando la fiebre persiste pese al tratamiento antimicrobiano y al control del foco obstétrico. Presentación del caso: Una gestante con edad gestacional estimada de 21,8 semanas ingresó por fiebre, dolor abdominal tipo contracción, sangrado vaginal y pérdida de líquido amniótico. Presentaba taquicardia materna, temperatura de 38,6 °C, leucocitosis con neutrofilia y rotura prolongada de membranas. La amniocentesis obtuvo líquido turbio y amarillento, con marcada respuesta neutrofílica, glucosa no detectable y abundantes cocos grampositivos, hallazgos compatibles con infección intraamniótica. Ante hallazgos ecográficos fetales preocupantes y la persistencia de la infección, se indicó la interrupción médica del embarazo, que culminó con la expulsión de un feto masculino de aproximadamente 370 g, sin signos vitales. Posteriormente persistieron la fiebre elevada, la leucocitosis y el dolor abdominal intenso. La laparotomía exploratoria evidenció engrosamiento peritoneal, múltiples lesiones blanquecino-amarillentas, adherencias fibroadhesivas y líquido libre de aspecto purulento. La biopsia peritoneal mostró inflamación granulomatosa necrosante con células gigantes tipo Langhans, y el cultivo del líquido peritoneal aisló Mycobacterium tuberculosis, lo que confirmó el diagnóstico de tuberculosis peritoneal. Conclusión: La persistencia de fiebre tras el tratamiento de una aparente infección obstétrica debe motivar una reevaluación diagnóstica. La tuberculosis peritoneal puede coexistir con una infección intraamniótica y simular o prolongar un cuadro de sepsis obstétrica. Debido a que no se documentó M. tuberculosis en la placenta, las membranas ni el líquido amniótico, no puede establecerse una relación causal directa entre la tuberculosis y la corioamnionitis en esta paciente.

Palabras claves: corioamnionitis; infección intraamniótica; tuberculosis peritoneal; embarazo; rotura prematura pretérmino de membranas; Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Abstract

Background: Intra-amniotic infection is an important cause of maternal morbidity and adverse perinatal outcomes. Tuberculosis during pregnancy, particularly extrapulmonary disease, may have nonspecific manifestations and consequently be diagnosed late. The coexistence of intra-amniotic infection and peritoneal tuberculosis is rare and poses a diagnostic challenge when fever persists despite antimicrobial therapy and obstetric source control. Case presentation: A pregnant patient at an estimated gestational age of 21.8 weeks was admitted with fever, contraction-like abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and leakage of amniotic fluid. Maternal tachycardia, a temperature of 38.6 °C, neutrophilic leukocytosis, and prolonged rupture of membranes were documented. Amniocentesis yielded turbid, yellow fluid with a marked neutrophilic response, undetectable glucose, and abundant gram-positive cocci, supporting the diagnosis of intra-amniotic infection. Because of concerning fetal ultrasonographic findings and ongoing infection, the pregnancy was terminated for medical indications, resulting in delivery of a male fetus weighing approximately 370 g, with no signs of life. High-grade fever, leukocytosis, and severe abdominal pain persisted thereafter. Exploratory laparotomy revealed diffuse peritoneal thickening, multiple whitish-yellow lesions, extensive fibroadhesive changes, and free intraperitoneal fluid with a purulent appearance. Peritoneal biopsy demonstrated necrotizing granulomatous inflammation with Langhans-type giant cells, and peritoneal-fluid culture grew Mycobacterium tuberculosis, confirming peritoneal tuberculosis. Conclusion: Persistent fever after treatment of an apparent obstetric infection should prompt diagnostic reassessment. Peritoneal tuberculosis may coexist with intra-amniotic infection and mimic or prolong obstetric sepsis. Because M. tuberculosis was not documented in the placenta, membranes, or amniotic fluid, a direct causal relationship between tuberculosis and chorioamnionitis cannot be established in this patient.

Keywords: chorioamnionitis; intra-amniotic infection; peritoneal tuberculosis; pregnancy; preterm prelabor rupture of membranes; Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Información del manuscrito:
Fecha de recepción:
16 de abril de 2026.
Fecha de aceptación: 18 de junio de 2026.
Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2026.

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Publicado

2026-07-10

Cómo citar

Martinez-Soto, J. E., Salinas-Rocano, D. J., & Poma-Ramon, L. A. (2026). CHORIOAMNIONITIS AND PERITONEAL TUBERCULOSIS IN PREGNANCY: AN UNEXPECTED DIAGNOSIS AND ADVERSE OBSTETRIC OUTCOME—A CASE REPORT. REVISTA CIENTÍFICA MULTIDISCIPLINARIA ARBITRADA YACHASUN - ISSN: 2697-3456, 10(19), 666–678. Recuperado a partir de https://editorialibkn.com/index.php/Yachasun/article/view/1037